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  Geotechnical Design and Instrumentation of the Palomino Hydropower Cavern Excavation

  The powerhouse cavern and the gate shaft of the Palomino hydropower scheme were excavated in a metasedimentary rockmass of low to intermediate strength. The overburden of the excavations was 270 m, resulting in in situ stresses in the range of 6 MPa. Due to the relatively high stress level in relation to the strength of the rock, the need for heavy supports of the excavations, by means of a thick shotcrete lining and high load anchors had to be foreseen. This paper describes the field investigations and numerical analyses carried out in the design process, the instrumentation system installed for the monitoring of the excavations and presents an analysis of the of the performance of the excavation based on the comparison of the predicted with the measured values of displacements of the rockmass.

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