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Abstract: The powerhouse cavern and the gate shaft of the Palomino hydropower scheme were excavated in a metasedimentary rockmass of low to intermediate strength. The overburden of the excavations was 270 m, resulting in in situ stresses in the range of 6 MPa. Due to the relatively high stress level in relation to the strength of the rock, the need for heavy supports of the excavations, by means of a...