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Abstract: The FIDIC (Fédération Internationale des Ingénieurs de Conseils) standard forms of contracts are the most widely used contract conditions for the construction industry worldwide, especially for large-scale infrastructure projects. Their popularity and wide acceptance is partly due to their applicability in different legal systems, clear and coherent language,...
Abstract: This article presents design criteria, behavioral and construction aspects of five deep underground power stations excavated in sedimentary, igneous and metamorphic rocks, as components of an equal number of hydropower projects either in operation or construction in the Andes Mountain Range. Guavio is highlighted amongst several cases as one of the deepest power stations in...
Abstract: The new FIDIC-ITA Form of Contract for Underground Works (the Emerald Book) is based upon a balanced allocation of ground related risks to each party. It includes a provision for measuring the time available to the Contractor for Excavation and Lining, based upon the conditions of the ground mass and upon its reaction to the excavation and support. The instrument for comparing the time...
Abstract: During the 1940’s, Terzaghi defined different ground behavior applicable to tunnel design and con- struction. Failure mechanisms in tunnels anticipated by Terzaghi have occurred in a number of underground works excavated by conventional drill-and-blast methods as well as TBMs in the An- des Mountain Range. In this article, a number of case histories are presented where the authors have been...