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Papers from WTC and ITA conferences have been made available as PDF documents.
ProceedingsThere are 1984 documents.
List of endorsed conferences
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WTC
World Tunnelling Congress
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Concept of Using Underground Space in Canadian Cities
Abstract: Typically the major urban centres in Canada have downtown cores and sub-centres, densely built up with high-rise buildings. Areas between these centres are occupied by green suburbs with family houses and apartment buildings. Industrial zones are usually separated by green belts. The centres are connected by various transit corridors and serviced with public utility systems by using underground...
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Tunnelling in Weak Rock Mass with Overlying Competent Stratum
Abstract: Convergence in the case of tunnelling through alternations of competent and incompetent rock masses may depend on the geometrical and geotechnical characteristics of both members. In case the thickness of layers is small compared with the characteristic dimensions of the tunnel section (e.g. diameter), simulation of all layers is impractical. In this case, simulation of the heterogeneous...
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Large cross sections for soft ground and soft rock conventional tunneling projects in urban areas – recent...
Abstract: With the demand for tunnels growing, especially in urban areas, the ability to construct these tunnels without disrupting congested areas on the surface has become more important. Conventional tunneling has become increasingly popular as it is very useful in these urban environments, as well as in soft ground. Conventional tunneling, also known as the New Austrian Tunnel Method (NATM) or the...
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Increasing tunnels fire safety due to use of jet fans and portal gates
Abstract: The characteristic of railway and road tunnels of Russia is given. Data of the field observation characterizing natural ventilation of tunnels due to natural draft are provided. Requirements to emergency ventilation at fire emergence are stated. Results of theoretical and experimental inves-tigation on ensuring necessary parameters of emergency ventilation when using jet fans and portal gates...
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On-site tests on innovative automatic incident detection systems
Abstract: The German research project ESIMAS – real time safety management system for road tunnels – focuses on the further development of automatic incident detection (AID) systems as well as a dedicated graphical user interface (GUI). In the result, operating personnel of road tunnel control centres will be enabled to monitor a huge quantity of tunnels simultaneously in an efficient way. All newly...
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Three dimensional numerical lining damage analysis under pore pressures 3D finite element model
Abstract: Segment is the basic structure unit of a shield tunnel. Lining is the main part of the segment. The mechanical behavior of the lining affects the form of reinforcement, the ratio of reinforcement and the cost of whole tunnel. Therefore, it is significant to clarify the mechanical behavior of lining in construction stage under pore pressures, which can save the engineering investment and...
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Förbifart Stockholm – Design of Tunnels under Road Lövstavägen
Abstract: This paper provides a brief overview about the project Förbifart Stockholm and the situation where the two ramp tunnels 411 and 412 pass under the road Lövstavägen with very little cover. The paper is mainly focusing on the concept of the ground treatment from surface (jet grouting measures), the design of the primary ground support secondary lining. The analysis methods and the results are...
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A global cost estimation model for mechanized tunnels based on in-situ data
Abstract: The urbanisation of cities worldwide led to increase construction of transportation and utility tunnels during the turn of this century. Increasing land prices in many overcrowded cities are paving the road for more underground constructions. Therefore, improving our knowledge on the factors influencing the cost and advance rate of underground excavations, have a paramount effect on the overall...
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Management of Effective Use of Urban Underground Space
Abstract: In the 21st century the populations of urban areas are rapidly rising. Several countries and municipalities are using the underground space for planning, developing and expanding the required civil and social infrastructure to keep up with the growing demand and expectation of their communities and businesses. Many others just consider starting short and long term planning of using the urban...
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A Numerical Study on the Pressure Relief by a Vertical Shaft in a Tunnel
Abstract: Many countries have planned high-speed railways in order to shorten time to transport passengers and commodities. Many European countries and Japan have a state art of technologies of high-speed railways [1]. These days, United States and China have started numerous researches and planned a lot of high-speed railway transportation systems [2] [3]. South Korea is also planning and constructing...
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Road Infrastructure Security Manual - SecMan
Abstract: The road transport network in Europe is one of the most important systems for European’s economy and society. The network plays a vital role in delivering goods over the whole continent, supplying its population. In this respect, critical road infrastructures like bridges, tunnels, control centres, etc. present a possible bottle-neck within network function. Any disturbance to these structures...
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Evacuation of underground stations with elevators in case of fire
Abstract: After putting the German law on Equal Opportunities for People with Disabilities [1] into force, the barrier-free design is – among others – mandatory for public buildings. This means that even in emergency situations (e. g. evacuation during a fire) the interests of people with restricted mobility have to be taken into account. Also in underground stations it is becoming common practice to...
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Rock mass characterization for Copenhagen Metro using face logs
Abstract: An extension of the existing Metro in central Copenhagen is currently under construction. We present a comparison of the different field logging techniques available from a large number of borehole logs and face logs carried out during the construction in cooperation with the constructor and client’s representatives, which illustrate and approve the applied methods. The new ‘Cityringen’ Metro...
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The case for adopting new segmental lining technologies
Abstract: It is estimated that the production and use of concrete generates more than 5% of the world’s carbon dioxide emissions: more than the aviation industry. More than three quarters of this comes from the production of cement itself. Tunnelling is typical of the construction industry in that it uses concrete in abundance: for shafts, portals, temporary support, internal structures to name but a...
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Metro tunnel under Cvetan Lazarov Boulevard in Sofia
Abstract: The capital city of Bulgaria, Sofia, has a population of approximately 1.3 million and two metro lines, so-called Diameters, which are connected in the north. Thus you can ride both lines on one train without having to get off. The metro in Sofia is undergoing a period of development. Currently, the selection of a contractor is underway for the third underground line and the extension of...
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Approach on Characterizing Karst Aquifers for Tunnel Projects
Abstract: During tunnelling in karst, three main challenges prevail: (a) dewatering and its environmental impact, (b) artificial changes to orographic recharge areas, and (c) problems at the construction site in terms of health and safety, construction time, and cost (Gerstner, 2004). In many European countries, speleological investigations base on volunteer’s work. Over decades accessible caves were...
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