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  Cost Comparisons for Metro Tunnelling Projects in 4No. Major World Cities

  Over the past decade, extensive tunnel construction for underground Metro rail projects in major world cities has been undertaken with varying degrees of success. This paper analyses the tunnelling cost data from Metro projects in Hong Kong, Singapore, Shanghai, and London. The costs are compared for the key items of civil, architectural, building services, electrical and mechanical, permanent way, signalling / control and rolling stock. Specific tunnelling cost sensitive issues are discussed to help explain significant cost fluctuations. The conclusions highlight some of the influencing factors that contribute to more effective budgeting and forecasting of costs on underground Metro rail projects. Of significance is that low labour costs may not necessarily lead to lower tunnelling costs. Other key project elements show significant differences between different countries for a variety of reasons.

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