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  Three -dimensional modelling of tunnelling in closed mode

  In an urbanised context, the prediction of movements induced by the excavation of shallow tunnels is a major challenge for both designer (conceptual design) and contractor (detailed design). In the case of mechanised tunnelling with a closed mode tunnel boring machine, the significant number of machine control parameters makes predictive three-dimensional modelling complex. Simplifications are often necessary and adopted. The evolution over time of the tail grout injections is generally neglected. This paper focuses on the implementation of an innovative numerical design methodology. The methodology accounts for the evolution of the mechanical properties of tail grout injections with a 3D calculation model. It is applied to a real project of the Grand Paris Express program and aims at simulating the excavation during the TBM progress in an exhaustive way. The modelled induced deformations are compared to the monitoring data collected during the excavation process, also to those resulting from the calculations according to the current practice without considering grout property evolution, in order to confirm the most relevant calculation analysis, with respect to the prediction of induced deformations.

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