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  Metro Milano Line MM2 Piola-Lambrate - Ground stabilization with Hybrid

  Metro Milan line 2 was built in 1967 without considering waterproofing details. In late 90’s water table rose by many meters in a matter of a few years. Subsequently high rates of water inflow were observed in the tunnels. For instance, in 2015 the rate measured in the Lambrate-Piola Tunnels was up to 700m³/hour. Several attempts carried out with cementitious or resin injections were unsuccessful with wastage of material. The objective was therefore to combine the features of materials and create solution both economically and technically viable. The chosen methodology was the Hybrid Injection System which combines the characteristics of cementitious injection with the benefits of chemical Polyurethane injection. The two components of the injection material (i.e. cement and PU-resin) were mixed separately and pumped by two pumps to single injection valve. The results were satisfactory and achieved the objectives of reduction of soil permeability, sealing of the tunnel and improvement of soil geotechnical features: tunnel durability and expected live span of the structure was consequently increased as well.

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