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  Experimental study to accurate the gasket factor for segmental linings

  Elastomeric (rubber) gasket is generally used as a water tightening material for segmental linings in shield tunnels. Maximum allowable water pressure of the gasket can be calculated using the principle equation. The gasket factor depends on the profile of the gasket, the dimension of the groove on the segment, compression rate of the gasket and the value of the gap and offset (displacements occurring between segments) of the joints. Profile of segment groove is designed according to the project requirements and client specifications, and fundamental criterion for the design is water pressure resistance for a given groove at the connection of concrete segments. Therefore, all designs should be verified by testing the sealing materials for compression stiffness and water-tightness using a fixed/constant gasket factor, and the gasket factor is confirmed by water bearing test. One of the main results shows that the gasket factor α≅2.0 can be adopted in the design of the gasket for segmental linings which have gaps of 3.0mm and offset of 5.0mm.

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