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Abstract: Apart from development in machine technology and other cross sectional tunnel shapes, the alternative lining systems. It has carried out as well, in early sixties in the former Soviet Republic experiments were carried out with tunnel lining without any joints [1] after excavation; the soil was replaced by in site poured concrete lining. At the end of the seventies and beginning of the eighties...
Abstract: Elastomeric (rubber) gasket is generally used as a water tightening material for segmental linings in shield tunnels. Maximum allowable water pressure of the gasket can be calculated using the principle equation. The gasket factor depends on the profile of the gasket, the dimension of the groove on the segment, compression rate of the gasket and the value of the gap and offset (displacements...
Abstract: The Metro Line 4 of phase 1 passes through about 17.0 km underground, it had to choose in the design between a few alternative solutions due to the tight implementation time schedule, the route. The selected solution was to reduce the level of the alignment by excavating and breaking through the two groups of working piles under the main street, which is the...