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  The surge shafts of Venda Nova III hydropower plant's surge tank – geological conditions and constructive solutions

  Venda Nova III repowering project is an underground hydropower scheme. Its hydraulic circuit comprises, inter alia, an upstream surge tank, which aims to dissipate hydraulic transients due to turbine and pumping operations. This upstream surge tank consists of a main shaft, an expansion chamber, a lower chamber and two vertical shafts connecting to the headrace tunnel. The two vertical surge shafts are based on a full-face raise-boring excavation with remarkable features: 350 m high and 5.40 m diameter. The construction faced serious complexities and challenges also due to the geological conditions.

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