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  Assessment of Tunnel Stability with Geotechnical Monitoring

  Application of tunnel design to site conditions requires continuous monitoring of deformation, review and revision of design considerations. A twin tube road tunnel has been constructed through the heterogeneous weak rock conditions involving sedimentary and volcanic units. Close distance between the tubes due to highway alignment constraints, lowering the water table due to excavation contributed excessive deformations in the tunnel. This paper includes the assessment of various factors influencing tunnel stability; geological condition, secondary stress development due to approach of second tube construction and ground water lowering. The monitoring data including 3D displacement measurements inside the tunnel, settlement profiles of ground surface are presented with emphasizing influencing factors. The efficiency of measures such as rapid closure of support ring, bolting at the invert, are also indicated and discussed.

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