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Abstract: In the whole construction-operation process of shield tunnel, synchronous grouting is utilized to control the ground loss. However, the grouting pressure caused by synchronous grouting may lead to relatively unfavourable internal force and deformation response on tunnel structure. Furthermore, it may cause a series of adverse consequences such as cracking and leakage. In order to reduce the...
Abstract: The beam spring model (BS model) has better simulation results on the shield tunnel structure than the equivalent stiffness homogenization ring model (ESHR model). For the structure with longitudinal joints governed by large bending moment, the BS model can partly simulate the deformation characteristics of the structure caused by the joints. However, the BS model still has certain limitations...