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  TBM Pressure Models: Calculation Tools

  Mechanized tunnel construction in soft ground has evolved significantly over the last 20 years, especially on the matter of settlement control. This was achieved by guiding the TBM operation to control the main factors that induce soil displacements, namely the face pressure and the closure of the soil-lining void. Nowadays, TBMs can be operated within strict serviceability requirements. However, several mechanisms of the excavation cycle are still not taken into account when estimating the induced soil deformations. Therefore, it is important to properly model the processes around a TBM, but in order for such models to be assimilated in the state of practice, they should be combined in a design framework where the operational characteristics can be assessed together with the induced soil displacements and lining forces for different project conditions. This paper presents the first step of this general project by focusing on the tail void grouting pressures. A model for the grout flow is associated with a finite element model to calculate the induced soil displacements in a dynamic equilibrium between the boundary pressures and the soil-lining gap. These two elements are combined in a calculation tool with a user friendly input-output layout.

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