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  Smart Control of Hydraulic Actions in Tunnels and Underwater Structures

  Selecting the tunnel type is very important in subsea and subriver tunnels if the difference between ordinary water level and flood water level is very high or if the difference between wave and tide levels is considerable. This is because, in the case of a drained tunnel, excessive influent disposal can be a large burden during operation, and for watertight tunnels, lining damage may occur owing to excessive water pressure. In this study, a smart groundwater draining system is proposed wherein the hydraulic pressure acting on a lining is managed using an automatic water control system, and the amount of groundwater flowing into the tunnel. The results of a numerical simulation conducted show that if water control devices are adequately arranged and operated around the tunnel, the hydraulic pressure acting on the tunnel lining can be controlled and a tunnel of a random shape can be constructed by adopting the smart drainage system proposed in this study.

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