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  Stability Analysis of Tunnels in Upper Soft and Lower Hard Composite Strata

  During tunnelling, the stratum of the tunnel faces appear two or more different physical and mechanical characteristics. In this paper, the stability of tunnel construction in upper soft and lower hard typical composite strata is studied. The influence of thickness-span ratio, height-span ratio, stratum stratification ratio, stratum physical and mechanical parameters, and stratification dip angle on the stability of tunnel construction are mainly discussed. Besides, the ultimate failure evolution mode and the development law of plastic zone are analyzed. On this basis, the stability evaluation system based on the safety factor of surrounding rock is established. Moreover, the tunnel stability during construction is analyzed with the case of the Wu-Feng-Shan Tunnel project of Jin-Tai Railway (Zhejiang, China). The results show that the stability evaluation system can effectively evaluate the stability of the tunnel construction in the composite stratum, and the research can be used as an important reference for similar projects.

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