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  Shell-Spring-Contact Model for Shield Tunnel Lining Analyses

  In order to study the 3D mechanical behavior of the shield tunnel lining, a new analysis model is put forward, which is called Shell-Spring-Contact Model (SSCM). It employs the shell, spring, solid and contact elements to simulate the lining segments, joints and interaction with ground. The model can be considered in Load-Structure Mode or Stratum-Structure Mode. In the former mode, the initiative loads from the stratum are applied on the tunnel as the way on the ground surface structures, while in the later one, to simulate the lining cooperate with the stratum to resist the surrounding earth pressure, the excavation is simulated and the stress release effect is taken into account. The calculation results from the model present the various 3D distributions of member forces, especially along the width in longitude, such as bending moment, axial force and shear force. In addition, the longitudinal SSCM is also given to analyze the additional inner forces. The analyses can provide reference for the structure design, remedying some deficiencies of present Beam-Spring Models (BSM).

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