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  Fiber Reinforced Polymer (FRP) rockbolt as

  Mined caverns are becoming increasingly popular underground structures. They offer a unique solution to space constraints, especially in dense urban environments. In large excavations, and when permitted by the rock mass, permanent rock-bolts combined with sprayed concrete are logical alternatives to concrete lining. On the heels of the successful project of the Jurong Rock Caverns in Singapore, several caverns are now being constructed using GFRP rock-bolts as rock-reinforcement. The performance characteristics of these rock-bolts, namely regarding tensile & shear resistance, durability in saline and alkali environments and environmental impact, have since been published in several studies. This article will detail the experience on two ongoing mined caverns projects in Middle East and South-East Asia. This paper will contribute to the development of advanced materials in innovative underground structures. Composite materials offer key benefits, allowing cost-effective and sustainable solutions, both during construction & operational phases.

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