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  Assessment of Volume Loss in Mechanized Shield Tunnelling

  A case study including monitoring data of surface settlements induced by tunnelling in Tabriz metro line 2 is presented. Presented measurements of surface settlements, were collected during the construction of western part of the project (between west depot and S05 station) where the tunnel was being excavated in sand and silt, using earth pressure balanced TBM with a cutting-wheel diameter of 9.49 m. Although volume loss (VL) has an important effect in estimating the ground movements, the prediction of optimum VL relies on the data from previous case studies. Realizing unavailability of VL data based on Tabriz geological conditions, from the actual occurred settlements, VL was back-calculates by Gaussian empirical equation to get the VL percentage. Also, FE simulation was used in various sections employing the ABAQUS, to investigate the efficiency of numerical modelling for the estimating of the surface settlements. The obtained VL varies from 0.13 to 1.35%, with an average value of 0.46%. The range of the VL increases significantly with the decrease of the tunnel depth.

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