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  Analytical study on time-dependent behaviour on the stability of tunnel face

  To construct a tunnel safely and economically with the conventional tunnel construction method, it is most important to ensure the standing time of the tunnel face. One of the authors measured the amount of tunnel face extrusion to understand the displacement behaviour of the weak ground during tunnel construction. The measurement results show that the displacement of the tunnel face has a time-dependent behaviour. Therefore, to predict and judge the tunnel face stability, it is important to perform a numerical analysis considering the passage of time, and the time-dependent behaviour of the ground surface was reproduced by viscoelastic analysis. Then, the stability of the tunnel face was evaluated by comparing the maximum shear strain of the tunnel face with the critical shear strain of the ground.

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