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  Earthquake Impacts to a Tunnel at Fault Zone and Its Repair

  Current practice on tunnel seismic design considers an earthquake ground motion equivalent to a peak ground acceleration and the tunnel lining is designed to sustain the deformation resulting from the application of the earthquake actions. However, what will the behaviour be of the ground motion of a geological fault and its interaction with an intersecting tunnel? This paper concentrates on the study and assessment of the tunnel intersecting the fault zone under a seismic event during the Kaikoura Earthquake of 14th November 2016 in New Zealand. A review of tunnel seismic design, the tunnel lining behaviour on this tunnel after Kaikoura Earthquake, the design of remedial works considering the future earthquake events, and a seismic design approach and recommendations for tunnels in fault zones, will be discussed.

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