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  Construction Simulation of Large Diameter TBM Tunnelling in a Sharp Curve Alignment in Soft Clay Using 3D Numerical Analysis

  This paper presented a case study on the numerical simulation for construction of large dimeter TBM tunnelling in a sharp curve alignment. It took Shanghai North Crossing Channel as a case to analyse the tunnel settlement and alignment offset during the construction. A notable feature and difficulty in this project was that larger-diameter tunnel (15.56m outer diameter) run in soft clay with a small-radius (min. 500m) sharp turn of S-curve. 3D numerical analysis using finite element software was adopted to simulate the tunnelling work to predict ground settlement and alignment offset. The stability and capacity of soil behind the tunnel in soft ground were assessed. By comparing the predicted settlements and instrumentation monitoring results, soil parameters were calibrated through back analysis to guide the follow-up construction activities. The results also proved that numerical analysis for large diameter tunnel with sharp curve section can be successfully used for predicting tunnel settlement and alignment offset and could be reference for future similar works.

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