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  Research@ZaB as a Full-Scale Test Site for Geophysical Measurements

  Consecutive measurements play a key role in the successful construction of underground facilities. While surveying and deformation monitoring are considered as indispensable during tunnel excavation, the prediction of geological conditions ahead of the face and around the tunnel cross-section is a topic of ongoing research. Geophysical methods provide a useful tool to meet this challenge. Since the implementation of geophysical experiments at construction sites may encounter difficulties due to delays in the excavation process, Research@ZaB in Eisenerz, Austria, offers a unique option to test new geophysical methods and acquisition geometries at a full-scale underground research facility. Several experiments (refraction tomography, passive seismic monitoring and borehole radar) were conducted at this site. Borehole radar in radial shape around the tunnel cross-section as well as two seismic refraction tomographies along the tunnel wall were performed to identify the geophysical contrasts of the excavation damage zone and the surrounding rock mass at this site. The results provide a base for further research and derivation of geotechnical parameters from geophysical response. Passive seismic monitoring was applied during conventional excavation in order to analyse the seismic signals from drilling and investigate their utility as a source signal for seismic prediction ahead of the face.

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