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  Deformational Behaviour of Ground and Control Measures in Urban Tunneling - A Case Study

  Ground deformation study is playing a vital role in urban tunneling by means of instrumentation and monitoring. The aim of Instrumentation is to obtain information on ground response, provide construction control, verify design parameters, monitor construction impact on surrounding environments such as ground settlement and ground water regime. From the research point of view, field recorded monitoring data is desperately needed to improve the design assumptions and to choose the most suitable construction technology. This paper describes the basic concept of Instrumentation, installation scheme, data recording, data analysis and warning alarm to control construction activities. Instrumentation scheme is implemented in Mumbai Metro Line 3 project in India. To assess the physical condition and to identify structural deficiencies, pre and post construction building condition survey has been done for all the surface structures including historical monuments, buildings, underground utilities, railway tracks, bridges etc. The physical parameters monitored at site includes strains, displacements, surface settlement, surface rotation, displacement in borehole, tunnel convergence, crack monitoring, force in rock bolt, stress in shotcrete/lining, piezometric levels and vibrations. Based on the field data, prediction made for future trend of deformational behaviour and raised an early alarm to take remedial measures to control the ground deformation.

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