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  Design for Stability of Slopes for Portal Development Works in Himalayan Geology

  USBRL project of Indian Railways in the state of Jammu and Kashmir of India is being implemented to connect Kashmir valley with mainland of India through railways. The project is being carried out in highly unpredictable Himalayan geology. At some tunnel portals excavations were temporarily stabilized to facilitate construction activities of the tunnels without interruption. These portals were planned to be developed and supported at later stage of the project. Some slopes started to show significant movement and signs of distress. The need was felt to protect the slopes and develop the portals for long term stability, for which RITES Limited was entrusted with the job. This paper discusses the design for development works of south portal of Tunnel T78 close to Banihal railway station. The critical observations made during site visit and challenges faced during design of slope stability works for the portal are presented in this paper. Cost efficiency, minimum disturbance to natural ecosystem, environmental sustainability and safety were prime objective of the design. This also includes Shear Strength Reduction (SSR) analysis carried out for slope stability in static and dynamic condition. A support system is proposed for slope stability to attain required global factor of safety.

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