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  Analysis and Design of Head Race Tunnel for Mangdechhu 720MW Hydropower Project, Bhutan

  Bhutan is landlocked country situated in Himalayan region of south Asia. In Himalaya complex geology is found. This region poses unexpected geological challenges and high construction risks. The Mangdechhu Hydroelectric Power Plant (HEPP) is one of the major project under Bhutan initiative to generate 10,000 MW Hydropower by 2020 with the support of Republic of Indian Government. The Mangdechhu HEPP is a 720 MW run of river power plant constructed on the Mangdechhu River in Trongsa Dzongkhag district of central Bhutan. The main components of the HEPP are Head Race Tunnel (HRT), Tail Race Tunnel (TRT), surge shaft, pressure shaft and large caverns out of which 13.5 km long head race tunnel capable to discharge water at the rate of 118 m3 of water/sec. In this study, analysis has been carried out to know the displacements and stresses induced at different geological sections along the HRT. Finite Element Analysis (FEA) is carried out by using Rocscience2 software to design that particular section of a tunnel. Behavior of the tunnel without any support and with support is analyzed to determine the displacements. While designing the model at different geological sections along the length of HRT two main cases are considered those are empty tunnel and tunnel filled with water. Stability of tunnel is ensured by support curves for empty tunnel and for water with pressure tunnel.

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