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  Challenges in Design and Construction of MRTA Tunnel and Station in Recent Bangkok Blue Line Extension Project

  Bangkok is in the state of expanding the mass rapid transit system to cope with the rapid rising and city expansion. Recently, underground MRTA lines have been constructed and are being implemented. They are located in congested city area which demands rigorous and careful design considerations to overcome constraints related to city land use regulations and restrictions on construction activities. Moreover, the subsoils experience a situation of rising groundwater that increases difficulties in deep excavations and tunnelling. In the recent Blue Line Extension project, the underground section traversed the sensitive area of historical preservation and it was the first tunnel project to pass beneath the Chao Phraya River. Two underground stations were located in the heart of the preservation zone, as the restriction prohibited the normal method of the direct open excavation for station construction, an innovative approach using construction of pre-formed station pipe-roof made of jacked steel pipes was adopted. Moreover, it was discovered during the design stage that the deep excavation of the station faced a pre-tender unanticipated potential hazard situation of hydraulic uplift from rising ground water level. Therefore, a program of extensive soil investigation was adopted to acquire clearer picture of soil and groundwater conditions below the base of the excavation. After a rigorous comparative assessment, a u-shape base grouting scheme to increase the thickness of impervious layer was adopted which that proved to be effective in handling the situation.

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