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  Development of Deep Drainage Tunnel Systems in China

  With the rapid urbanization in China in recent years, the existing urban drainage infrastructures can no longer meet the required flood protection standard to safeguard people’s lives and properties. City inundation (termed as “waterlogging” in China) by excessive stormwater while pollution caused by combined sewer overflow (CSO) are threatening and restricting urban transformation. From 2012 to 2014, waterlogging disasters happened in around 180 cities in China every year according to the statistics of China’s State Flood Control and Drought Relief Headquarters. With the technical challenge and space restriction on enlargement of existing drainage system in congested urban area, the Chinese government has been seriously considering alternative ways and innovative solutions to address the drainage problems. In addition to source control of stormwater promulgated as “Sponge City Initiative”, an effective solution is the provision of deep drainage tunnel system. Several deep drainage tunnel projects are now being implemented in major cities such as Shenzhen, Guangzhou, Wuhan and Shanghai. This paper highlights the key features of deep drainage tunnel system, with particular reference to the current development of deep drainage tunnel projects in China.

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