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  Excavation Management System for Slurry TBM in Singapore

  Since year 1995, the Land Transport Authority of Singapore has been planning and constructing the expansion of the rails networks. Slurry type Tunnel Boring Machine (TBM) was first introduced in Singapore for part of tunnelling in Circle Line projects to deal with highly permeable and variable geological conditions in sensitive urban environments. Apart from maintaining design target face pressure, diligent real-time monitoring is paramount important to ensure performance of tunnelling within allowable limits without disruption to daily urban activities. Reconciliation between theoretical and actual excavated soil volume and mass is a fundamental process for early identification of potential over-excavation, which may result in excessive ground movements or lead to severe consequences in urban environment. Nevertheless, geological interpretation, accuracy in measuring instruments and different assumptions could affect the results and reliability of the reconciliation. To successfully negotiate these challenges, a more holistic approach is necessary and Singapore has established a sound excavation management system by specifying contractual requirements as well as encouraging the industry to come up with engineering solutions. Few methods for reconciliation have been used in the industry to complement one and other forming a good excavation management system. This excavation management system relies on the use of flow meters, density meters, belt weigher at Slurry Treatment Plant (STP), muck pit survey measurements and estimation of fines, in order to provide sufficient and valuable real-time information for engineers to identify potential over-excavation early so that necessary measures can be taken to prevent formation of sinkhole at the surface.

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