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  NATM Tunneling in Urban Area, A Review of Planning, Executing, and Monitoring in Tehran Metro Line 6

  The EPB-TBM is usually used in a ground which has a significant part of finegrained soil. A suitable ground for an EPB machine, after excavation and entering into the pressure chamber, becomes a plastic material with required ability to apply the face pressure. Tehran metro line 6 project with length of 31.2 km has an extension part about 6 km. The path of extension part is located in both of soil and rocky formations. Therefore, an “EPB-Hard Rock” machine is used in this part to overcome the geotechnical and environmental challenges. The main worries are controlling the water inflow and also the settlement of old buildings. Due to the lack of fine grain in rocky part, it is necessary to use some additives into the chamber to generate a plastic so that should be able to apply face pressure to prevent the tunnel water inflow. Therefore, appropriate rock conditioning is inevitable in this area. In this paper, some laboratory tests which performed on rock conditioning are presented. The materials used in these tests include bentonite, limestone powder and foam.

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