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  Under-passing of Karoon River by EPB-TBM in Urban Environment - Ahwaz Metro Case Study from Iran

  Ahwaz Metro line 1 in Iran is currently under construction by two EBP TBMs. In the central part, the alignment crosses Karoon River next to urban environment, being the most critical part of the route. The paper describes alignment optimization to address the difficult ground conditions with deep alluvial deposits in the river bed, so that geological risks are reduced adequately at early design stage. The detailed face pressure calculations call for up to 2.7 bars of support pressure, required under the steep embankments of the river. Also intervention face pressures were planned in advance. During execution, the main focus was on TBM preparation for the underpassing, proper soil conditioning to maintain required face pressure and mortar injection behind the segments. The paper addresses the lessons learned from the first under-passing of the Karoon River, which are useful for the under-passing by the second tube and for other metro river crossings.

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