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  Recent advances in geologic mapping in conventional tunnelling using 3D images

  3D images are an accurate source of data for the geometric characterisation of a rock mass. They comprise detailed surfaces combined with high-resolution digital photographs. The use of 3D images has become state of the art for geologic mapping of tunnel faces, sidewalls, and benches in conventional tunnelling. It is routinely applied on a daily basis or even for every excavated round. Recent developments focus at optimising the data acquisition process on tunnel construction sites. The paper briefly reviews the 3D image technology and its measurement capabilities. It addresses some recent developments such as remote laser point projections to avoid working in unsupported areas or mobile face mapping using a tablet computer device. Finally, it shows the practical application of 3D imaging technology and the use of the data at a hard rock tunnel construction sites.

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