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  Tunnel constructions in swelling rock

  The swelling process in the cause of the reaction of anhydrite with water has a huge influence on the vicinity and surrounding structures. This special material behaviour caused numerous problems at tunnel construction projects. Large deformations accured and damaged the construction or the sealing system. The material behaviour of anhydrite is strongly time dependent and may last over years. The deformations may have the dimensions of metres, depending on the thickness of the anhydrite layer and the water amount. At the Institute and Laboratory of Geotechnics of Tech- nische Universität Darmstadt long-term experiments with swelling rock consisting of anhydrite ma- terial have been carried out for more than 20 years. The experiments were carried out with differ- ent stress levels and different phases of watering and drying. Regarding the aspects stability of tunnel constructions and serviceability of tunnel sealings in this paper the special long-term mate- rial behaviour of anhydrite is explained.

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