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  Freeze-Sealing Pipe Roof – Viable Tunneling Technique in Soft Ground

  The range of problems that geotechnical engineers must face is increasing in complexity and scope. Often, complexity arises from construction in rich water strata. To deal with this type of problem, two construction techniques, Pipe-Roofing Method (PRM) and Artificial Ground Freezing method (AGF), have been combinated as Freeze-Sealing Pipe Roof method (FSPR), which is em- ployed in the Gongbei Tunnel for the first time in China. In this paper, the concept of FSPR and its innovative freezing scheme are presented in detail, respectively. Then, the studies of composite structure (frozen soil and steel pipe) were systemically reviewed, especially the similar projects or tests. Subsequently, the profile of the Gongbei Tunnel is introduced briefly. At last, some credible results authors have obtained are shown at last, which indicates FSPR is a viable construction technique for large cross-section tunnelling in rich water strata.

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