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  Innovative Support of Segmented Liner at TBM Tunnel Crosspassages

  Segmented tunnel lining is typically used to support tunnels excavated by TBMs (Tunnel Boring Machines). In case that it is necessary to build a lateral opening in the segmented lining, the opening is formed by breaking out the segments after the TBM excavation is completed or even during the excavation when supply and mucking transport through the tunnel is still active. Most frequent reasons for building lateral openings are crosspassages, niches, or escape routes. The segmented liner ring weakened by removing some of the segments has to be fixed or supported to be able to bear the geotechnical loads. In many cases, steel bracing frames, Fig.1, are used to support the tunnel at the lateral break out. Disadvantage of the frames is that they form an obstacle in the tunnel for the transportation and for example disallow pull out of TBM gantries back to the portal at the end of excavation.

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