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  Collapse of Březno railway tunnel made by prevault (Perforex) method in the Czech Republic

  A single track railway tunnel was constructed by prevault (Perforex) method in tertiary sedimentary ground conditions as a by-pass of an open coal mine. After excavation of about half of the 1,7 km long tunnel, sudden, daylighting collapse happened and destroyed about 100 m of the tunnel with prevault shotcrete lining, leaving the excavation machine buried as the crew left to safety. Consequent investigation and re-design delayed construction for 2 years and doubled construction costs. Investigation on the causation was performed on several levels, including involvement of experts of local and international insurers, focused on the following aspects: geology, site investigation and interpretation; adequacy of the tunneling method; adequacy of the design; adequacy of the construction and geotechnical monitoring; adequacy of the tender and contractual conditions and respective organizational and control arrangements.

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