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List of products by author: D. Kobayashi
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Importance of Identifying Defects Which Occur During Tunnel Construction for Maintenance, and Examples of Such Defects
Abstract: Maintenance of tunnel structures begins with inspection. Cracks and other defects are frequently found in old tunnels. There are three causes of cracking: external force, material deterioration, and initial defects from construction. As the number of possible causes increases, the determination of cause increases in difficulty. If the characteristics of initial defects are understood, it will...
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