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Abstract: The geology of Istanbul is complex, changing frequently from very hard rock formation with different degrees of fracturing to soft ground in a short length. Twin tunnels which were excavated by an EPB-TBMs in Istanbul Metro Projects, gave the opportunity to investigate the effect of geotechnical properties, EPB pressures in virgin and disturbed zones by the excavation, on the performance of a...
Abstract: Four hundred kilometers of metro tunnels are expected to be opened in Istanbul in the near future. The geology of Istanbul is complex changing frequently from very hard rock formation to soft ground in a short length. Mahmutbey-Mecidiyekoy metro tunnels, which are currently excavated by three different EPB-TBMs, gave the unique opportunity to investigate the effect of opening ratio and physical...