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Abstract: New procedures for the design of precast segmental lining tunnels have been developed in recent years. The use of glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) bars instead of conventional steel bars is increasing in precast segments. Besides, macro-synthetic fibers are also used as a replacement for traditional steel bars. It is possible to find design guidelines for the design of precast segments...
Abstract: The basic purpose of this study supported by the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK, Project No: 213M487) is to analyze the effects of soil conditioning on the field performance of an EPB TBM used for excavation of the Mahmutbey-Mecidiyekoy metro tunnels having a total length of around 18.5 km (double tube) in Istanbul. Soil samples were obtained during the...