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Abstract: Twin 8.5 m diameter, 10.5 km long parallel headrace tunnels under overburdens of up to 1 870 m with high horizontal stresses were excavated for the Neelum Jhelum Hydroelectric Project located in the Azad Kashmir region of northeast Pakistan using two main beam gripper Tunnel Boring Machines (TBMs). The TBMs were introduced to improve tunnel excavation rates and were the only realistic...
Abstract: Tunnelling can be said to unite theory and practice into its own construction art. With this in mind, it is impossible for designers of tunnel linings to disassociate themselves from the practical construction aspects of excavation and installation of support. This paper provides guidance for designers of rock support and linings for tunnels excavated with hard rock open gripper Tunnel Boring...
Abstract: Rockbursts in the tight confines of a TBM tunnel can be highly hazardous events given the proximity of vital equipment and workers to the rockburst source, and the space constraints that severely limit employment of countermeasures. Consequently, the ability to predict rockbursts with some measure of confidence as excavation proceeds (i.e. in the ‘short-term’) is critical to the safety of both...