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Abstract: This paper presents a detailed evaluation of airport runway settlement behavior during construction of passenger terminal connecting railway twin tunnels (1,150 m long) by 7.9 m diameter EPB shield TBM in soft ground. The instrumented settlement data are analyzed to evaluate the surface settlement trough occurred by TBM tunneling. The maximum settlement is controlled within about 25 mm at the...
Abstract: During the last several decades, road traffic has increased greatly in Seoul of Korea and thereby, traffic congestion is now a significant concern in this area. Particularly, traffic jam is common in road tunnels during peak hours. One reason for this problem may be because the tunnels were not designed to accommodate current traffic levels. Moreover, tunnel degradation is also a concern since...