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Abstract: Economical and safe tunnelling requires capturing, describing and reasonably rating information on the actual ground conditions also termed as ground characterisation In conventional tunnelling, at least short time frames are available each round where engineering geologists may access the tunnel face and acquire geometric and semantic data thereof. For example, geometric data include among...
Abstract: In the process of tunneling with shield TBMs the annular gap is backfilled with pea gravel or mortar according to the ground conditions. Due to the operational procedure an unfavorable bedding situation of the annular gap often leads to ovalization and accompanying damages of the segmental lining. With voluminous stress induced failure and the lack of necessary relaxation space local...