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Abstract: Cut-off grouting in the construction of subsea tunnels has been regarded as a key factor that causes a successful construction of an underground space. An Intelligent Multi Grouting system, IMG, which can control the pressure and flow rate of the grout automatically, and a grouting design software which can be conveniently used to provide a package of design of grouting patterns have been...
Abstract: With the expansion of infrastructure such as railroad and expressway network, in recent years, the application of the trenchless tunnel method to cross under road is increasing. In this regard, various trenchless methods have been developed by using different roof structures, each of which uses large stiff structure. These conventional trenchless methods have some features in common as follows;...