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Abstract: The Rock Mass Rating (RMR) System was introduced over 40 years ago, and since then has become a worldwide reference, along with the Q system, for design applications involving estimation of rock mass properties and tunnel support. A massive database of experience has been recorded in the process. On the 25th anniversary of the last modification of the RMR System in 1989, known as the RMR89, an...
Abstract: Cerro Azul Tunnel is part of the Daule-Peripa transfer, which supplies water to Guayaquil in Ecuador. The tunnel has a length of 6.450 m and was designed to carry a flow of 44 m/s. Its construction was completed in 1996, but in 2005 a collapsed occurred in the central part of it and in 2007 an emergency repair was carried out. In 2012 the Water Secretariat of Ecuador (SENAGUA) decided to...