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List of products by author: Kusaka A.
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Field measurement of 3D effect of forepoling during conventional tunneling
Abstract: Forepoling—the use of a pipe umbrella—during conventional tunneling is widely used in poor ground conditions to stabilize the tunnel face. Recently, numerical analysis has been more widely used in the design of forepoling. In 2D numerical, it is often said that tunnel displacement or stress generated in tunnel supports may be reduced with forepoling. However, such effects have been fully...
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Long -term field measurements on seasonal behavior of shield tunnel lining
Abstract: Many shield tunnels have been constructed in urban areas in many countries. They should be maintained properly to confirm the structural stability and to secure the users’ safety. Cracks on secondary lining or water leakage between segmental joints are frequentlyfound defects. Width of cracks and joint opening are typically affected by seasonal temperature change. Periodicity of the width is...
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