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Abstract: Early-age strength development monitoring of sprayed concrete is an important aspect of conventional tunnelling. Current strength monitoring practices use destructive type testing, namely stud-driving and core testing. The testing requires direct and recurring access to active construction zones, posing safety concerns for testing operatives. Thus, there is a need to establish a non-destructive...
Abstract: As a sprayed concrete lined tunnel is advanced, it is important to monitor the strength development of sprayed concrete to ensure the workers are not at risk from falls of sprayed concrete, and that the lining has sufficient strength to support the ground loads and maintain stability of the tunnel. This is usually achieved using a combination of needle penetrometer and stud driving tests in a...