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Abstract: Compared with circular tunnels, the space utilization of rectangular tunnels is more efficient, with a bigger usable tunnel face and a smaller minimum buried depth, resulting in lower project demolition cost. In the past 30 years, with advanced technology, and the necessity of higher utilization of precious underground resource, tunnel engineers have paid more attention to rectangle mechanized...
Abstract: Grouting is important for shield tunneling as grouting material fills the adverse gap between segments and the surrounding soil. Generally, high grouting pressure will lead to large segment stress. In order to reduce the stress and deformation of segment, extra soil is usually removed behind the segment through a prefabricated hole located in the middle of each segment. However, this method may...