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Abstract: Recent development and application of composite sprayed concrete lining (SCL) in major tunnelling projects have raised concerns on its short- and long-term flexural performance. Little literature has been found on the short-term crack development and the long-term ageing effect on composite SCL. Understanding of these issues will facilitate the efficient design of composite SCL. Four-point...
Abstract: This paper presents a composite SCL tunnel secondary lining thickness optimisation study. It first introduces the numerical model that simulates the behaviour of an SCL tunnel and the modelling strategy for the composite action between the primary and secondary linings. It then reports the influence of variation in the secondary lining thickness on the sufficiency of lining and interface...