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Abstract: According to the dimensional difference between the excavation diameter and the outer diameter of lining, a space called “Annular gap” remains between them after excavation and advancement. Therefore one of the vital and integral parts of advancing mechanized tunneling especially in urban areas is to how to fill this space using grout filler. Usually, two components and single component...
Abstract: A 12 km long tunnel of East-West lot of Tehran metro line 7 is being constructed by a 9.164 m diameter Earth Pressure Balance Tunnel Boring Machine (EPB-TBM) through an old heavily built-up and congested area of the southern part of the city. General information about the project was presented in Table 1. This tunnel passes beneath buildings, different underground structures such as water...