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Abstract: The Golden Horn in Istanbul is being crossed by several bridges, one of them to be replaced by a tunnel. The river has a steep profile with densely populated banks. Because of the planned connections to the boulevards, traditional solutions (immersed tunnel in a trench, TBM tunnel) proved not feasible. Commissioned by the Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality (IBB), Arcadis designed a shallow...
Abstract: The 2nd Coentunnel has to solve the traffic congestion around the Dutch capital. The project consists of the design and construction of an immersed tunnel under the North Sea Canal, the upgrading of the connecting highway structure and maintenance of the assets for 30 years. The design of an immersed tunnel is strongly characterised by the construction method, the transport by sea and the...