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List of products by author: A. Ramoğlu
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Non-Early-Age Crack Concrete-Tunnels and Underground Structures
Abstract: The Railways Bosphorus Tube Crossing-Tunnels and Stations of the Marmaray Project of Istanbul- Turkey, undertaken by the JV of TAISEI-GAMA-NUROL, is an underground route of 13.6 km, including 60 m deep immersed tube tunnels under the Bosphorus. The lifetime of the Project is more than 100 years with the requirement that the water retaining parts of the structures shall be water-tight, which...
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Passive Fire Protection Applications in Marmaray Tunnels
Abstract: Fire insulation is required of the train tunnels of the Marmaray Project against the load of 100 MW hydrocarbon fire for a minimum duration of 4 hours. The purpose is to limit the structural damage, i.e. without a collapse and/or catastrophic flooding of the tunnels, under the specified fire load that the passengers can safely be evacuated and also the facility can...
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TBM Tunneling by EPB Method under Shallow Soft Ground
Abstract: The Railways Bosphorus Tube Crossing-Tunnels and Stations of the Marmaray Project is an underground route of 13.6 km, consisting of twin bored tunnels for a length of 9.7 km. The so-called TBM-1 Tunnels, constituting 2.4 km of the bored tunnels, are located between Yedikule and Yenikapı sites, which is a highly overcrowded urban area of the Istanbul City. The TBM-1 Tunnels have been driven by...
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